Nasal bleeding is one of the most common complaints about ENT. Almost everybody in your life once passed the nosebleed. Sometimes it can be very serious and life-threatening violent bleeding, although it is usually due to simple causes and easily stopped.
Why is the nose frequent?
The nasal cavity is very dense and contains superficial veins. Particularly, the front part of the divider that divides the nasal cavity into two is a part where the veins coming to this side join together and these veins are very superficial. Especially in children, this part can bleed even without any effect. On both sides of the nasal cavity, the meat called konka is very enriched from the vein side and is the cause of some bleeds.
What are the Reasons for the Nose Bleeding?
The nose bleeds develop due to both the causes of the nose (local causes) and the problems outside the nose (general causes).
Local Causes:
Inflammation
-Sinusitis
-Bumps coming in
- Children's nose shuffling
Foreign bodies inserted into it
-Internal and sinus tumors
-Bone skewness (septum deviation)
-Allergic rhinitis
Common Causes:
-Hypertension
-Blood Diseases (bleeding-coagulation disorders, leukemia etc.)
-Border Parasites
Which Investigations Need To Be Made?
Especially in severe nose bleeds, the first job is usually to stop the bleeding regardless of the cause. After the bleeding has stopped, some researches on the cause should be made. The first thing to do when investigating the cause is the examination of the patient. Many times the reason is understood by examination. The investigations that can be made according to the suspected cause are
-Tension measurement
-Removal of sinusitis films (normal films or tomography)
-Installation of parasites
-Blood-clotting tests
- Tests related to blood diseases
These tests do not always apply to all patients. According to the reason the doctor suspects, a part of it is tried to be found.
How is it treated?
Many nose bleeds spontaneously or with the nose tip of the patient and cold application. However, this type of hemorrhage requires doctor intervention. The interventions that can be done to stop the bleeding are:
-Dammon Burning:
It is used for frequent recurrent bleeds at a mild degree. Chemical substances are applied to the vein network at the front of the nasal chamber to prevent bleeding. There is a risk of perforation in the nasal chamber when applied to either side or when excessive chemical is applied.
- Buffer Placement:
It is a common treatment method. It is used in bleeding that can not be stopped by the nose tip or cold application. The buffer placed in the nasal cavity stops the bleeding by pressing on the bleeding vessel.
As a buffer, gauze with antibiotic creams can be used, and more comfortable tampons with tubing that will allow the patient to breathe in the middle can be used. The buffers are usually removed for 48 hours.
Staying longer can sometimes cause problem infections. Antibiotic administration to the patient during the buffer period should not be neglected. Sometimes the source of the nose bleeding is the back of the nose and can not be stopped with the front bumpers. In this case, a so-called posterior buffer is used which is inserted through the mouth and placed at the back of the nose.
Vessel Connection:
This procedure is an operation and is used in hemorrhoids that are severe enough to threaten the life of the patient and do not stop with buffering. Depending on the location of the hemorrhage the vein is sometimes connected through the sinus and sometimes through the neck. Relieving the patient during interventions is important. Diazem or other sedative medicines may be required for this purpose, especially in elderly and hypertensive patients.
What Can I Do at Home in the Burning Wing?
Many times the patient's own methods can stop the bleeding. The first thing the patient has to do is lean forward, holding the tip of the nose firmly.
If the head is tilted backwards, the chances of the blood becoming naturally choked increase. Cold application on the nose is also useful. The patient may even put a gauze on the nose front to be taken on as a buffer.
However, if the patient's own methods stop bleeding, they should definitely be examined by an ENT specialist at the appropriate time.
